This may be provided either by iron, or by salt water. The planet is named after jupiter, the king of the roman. Satellitemagnetosphere interactions at jupiter and satun. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere request pdf. The time it takes a moon to orbit once around a planet depends on the mass of the planet and also on the distance between planet and moon. A magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object in which charged particles are affected by that objects magnetic field.
The solar wind, composed of charged particles ejected from the sun, streams past jupiter, elongating the shape of the magnetosphere into a teardrop. The magnetosphere is a bubble of charged particles trapped within the magnetic environment of the planet. C they were main belt asteroids, captured by jupiter s strong gravity. Galileo regarded their existence as a fundamental argument in favour of the copernican model of the solar system, in. But first you have to make sure it is a satellite of that planet. Get the latest updates on nasa missions, subscribe to blogs, rss feeds and podcasts, watch nasa tv live, or simply read about our mission to pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research. Learn magnetosphere with free interactive flashcards. Accordingly, as sketched here, jupiter s magnetosphere apparently extends beyond the orbit of saturn. Energetic electrons and ions that are trapped in earths magnetosphere can suddenly be accelerated towards the planet 1,2,3,4,5. Jupiters large size and 10hour rotation period are responsible for an immense jovian magnetosphere, and the final papers in this book discuss various aspects of it.
Chapters present a synthesis of experimental data from the voyager, galileo and. Galileo and europa in fact, after 14 years of flight time and 8 years collecting data around jupiter, galileo was deliberately destroyed by sending it crashing at 50 kms into jupiter s crushing atmosphere. Entering jupiters magnetosphere by nasa published on 20160701t00. Above launch of the first two cluster satellites salsa. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere, volume 2 fran bagenal, timothy e. Jupiter, examining the planets chemistry, atmosphere, interior structure, and magnetosphere. On january 7, 1610, using his primitive telescope, astronomer. If jupiter had been only fifty or a hundred times more massive, it would have become a star rather than a planet. Jovian magnetosphere is filled with plasmas, some from the volcanoes on io caught by jupiters magnetic fields. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere fran bagenal, timothy e. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere textbook very rarely. In fact, if it had been about 80 times more massive, it would have become a star rather than a planet.
Planet, satellites and magnetosphere laboratory for. Dowling, and william mckinnon joe giacalone lunar and planetary laboratory university of arizona tucson, arizona, 85712. Over minutes, one can watch tiny shadows cast by its moons slide over its surface. Magnetic fields of the satellites of jupiter and saturn.
Jupiter has a donutshaped cloud which goes around inside the magnetosphere. About the images left strong eastwest winds create latitudinal bands in jupiters atmosphere cassini. The magnetosphere of jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by the planet s magnetic field. This gives jupiter the largest number of moons with reasonably stable orbits of any planet in the solar system. Space today online exploring jupiter system jupiter. Galileo and europa in fact, after 14 years of flight time and 8 years collecting data around jupiter, galileo was deliberately destroyed by sending it crashing at 50 kms into jupiters crushing atmosphere. A new small moon orbits jupiter outside the orbits of other known moons. But on june 24, the probe passed through the bow shock just outside jupiters magnetosphere the bubble in which the giant planets magnetic field controls the movement of. As at earth, a major issue of the jovian system is how the magnetospheric plasma is.
The time it takes a moon to orbit once around a planet depends on the mass of the planet. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere 9780521035453. Magnetosphere of ganymede, jupiters moon windows to the. In this picture, a magnetic field is sketched over the image to place the energetic neutral atom emissions in perspective. And to simulate its motion, you must know some parameters, especially the mass of the planet, of the satellite, the flattening of the planet, the masses of the other satellites yes, they disturb each other. Printed in northern ireland jupiters ionosphere and magnetosphere c. Chapter 21 magnetospheric interactions with satellites. Printed in northern ireland jupiter s ionosphere and magnetosphere c. We know of no reason why larger satellites could not exist around extrasolar planets. When the galileo spacecraft flew by ganymede, it found something that was a big surprise to everyone a very strong magnetic field.
A jovian planet in another star system has a moon as big as mars. Jupiters magnetic field is the largest structure in the solar system. It is because of this richness of visual and physical properties that jupiter has intrigued amateur and professional astronomers and has been the goal of. Jupiter is the most massive planet in our solar system and it has dozens of moons. Entering jupiters magnetosphere by nasa published on 2016. Extending up to seven million kilometers in the suns direction and almost to the orbit of saturn in the opposite direction, jupiters magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in the solar system, and by volume the largest known continuous structure in the. Jupiter also makes radio signals and other waves, called whistler waves. The most notable of these longlived features is the great red spot, a giant, crimson colored vortex twice as wide as earth, which has been observed for at least a couple hundred years. Jupiter the galilean satellites encyclopedia britannica. Goertz rhodes university, grahamstown, south africa received 29 january 1973 abstract the distribution of ionization and the temperature variation in the jovian ionosphere is determined by simultaneously solving the momentum and chemical equations for.
We learn about magnetospheric interactions with satellites. If the magnetosphere were visible from earth, it would appear as big as the moon. It is more than 11 times the diameter of the earth, and its volume is equivalent to 1,321 earths, although it weighs only 318 times as much having a much lower density. Goertz rhodes university, grahamstown, south africa received 29 january 1973 abstractthe distribution of ionization and the temperature variation in the jovian ionosphere is determined by simultaneously solving the momentum and chemical. Jupiter and saturn have strong global magnetic fields for. Chapter 24 the configuration of jupiter s magnetosphere. Jupiter s large size and 10hour rotation period are responsible for an immense jovian magnetosphere, and the final papers in this book discuss various aspects of it. Magnetosphere of ganymede when the galileo spacecraft flew by ganymede, it found something that was a big surprise to everyone a very strong magnetic field. And there is a paper on the dynamics of the magnetosphere. Trapped within jupiters magnetosphere the area in which magnetic field lines encircle the planet from pole to pole are swarms of charged particles. The magnetic field of the planet diverts the solar wind away from the planet, carving a cavity which contains a lowdensity hot plasma derived from the solar wind, or the planet.
Choose from 37 different sets of magnetosphere flashcards on quizlet. As galileo began its 29th orbit, the cassinihuygens spacecraft was nearing jupiter for a gravityassist maneuver on the way to saturn. In the space environment close to a planetary body, the magnetic field resembles a magnetic dipole. Currently there are 107 known irregular satellites 54 orbit jupiter. Jupiters stripes are created by strong eastwest winds in the planets upper atmosphere. B they are trojan asteroids, orbiting 60 degrees ahead or behind jupiter. This distance is a little more than five times the distance from earth to the sun. Written by a team of world experts, it brings together every aspect of the giant planetary system, from the deep interior of jupiter to the distant tiny satellites and swarms of escaping gas and dust. Jun 28, 2011 jupiter s magnetic field is the largest structure in the solar system. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere textbook abbreviated. This sketch extends in the horizontal plane to a width 30 times the radius of jupiter. It is created by a star or planet with an active interior dynamo.
Jupiter is an extraordinarily colourful and dynamic planet. Jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere request pdf. The stirring motion of jupiters hot interior also generates its magnetic field. Some dynamic features of earths aurora the northern and southern. Modeling the jovian magnetic field and its secular variation. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere cambridge.
It extends out to nearly 5 million kilometers 3 million miles wide on average, 150 times wider than jupiter itself and. In fact, with its numerous moons and rings, the jupiter system resembles a miniature solar system. D the four galilean moons formed with jupiter, most others were later captures. Entering jupiters magnetosphere by nasa from desktop or your mobile device. To generate a magnetic field, there must be conducting material inside. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere cambridge planetary science on. This is the first time a strong magnetic field had been found near any moon. The most massive of the moons are the four galilean moons, which were independently discovered in 1610 by galileo galilei and simon marius and were the first objects found to orbit a body that was neither earth nor the sun. Satellites of jupiter archives the planetary mechanics blog.
Tsyganenko, towards a global magnetic field model of jupiters magnetosphere derived from observations of galileo and previous missions. If its magnetospheric plasma corotates with the planet, the effect of centrifugal force on the plasma distribution will be corsiderable. Right, top t wo of jupiters moons, volcanic io above the great red spot and. In fact, jupiter radiates more heat than it absorbs from the sun. A magnetosphere is a sphere of influence around a planet in which the forces associated with the magnetic field of the planet prevail over all other forces.
E they were ripped from the planets interior in an early cataclysmic event. Chapter 22 plasma interaction of io with its plasma torus. Mckinnon cambridge university press, mar 5, 2007 science 719 pages. There is a paper about the atmospheres of the satellites, and another about radiation effects on satellite surfaces. The io plasma torus is located within jupiters magnetosphere and has considerable impact on it. Alfvenic interaction of the galilean satellites with the jovian. Jupiter is a huge planet, but its magnetosphere is mindblowingly massive. The io plasma torus is located within jupiter s magnetosphere and has considerable impact on it. Farther out, field lines can be significantly distorted by the flow of electrically. E they were ripped from the planet s interior in an early cataclysmic event. The solar wind, composed of charged particles ejected from the sun, streams past jupiter.
The magnetosphere of jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by the planets magnetic field. Chapter 24 the configuration of jupiters magnetosphere. Chapter 20 sputtering, radiolysis and photolysis on the surfaces of the galilean satellites. Thats 150 times wider than the planet itself and almost 15 times wider than the sun. Fran bagenal, timothy e dowling and william b mckinnon, cambridge university press. Jupiters magnetosphere will blow your mind while it kills.
It is the biggest thing in the entire solar system. Planet, satellites and magnetosphere, cambridge university press 2004. Motions in the interior of a planet help carry heat from the inside to the outside. Active magnetosphere and planetary electrodynamics response. But what is a magnetosphere, and why study jupiters. The spacecraft then began a multiyear study of jupiter and the largest moons. It is created by a star or planet with an active interior dynamo in the space environment close to a planetary body, the magnetic field resembles a magnetic dipole. Mckinnon, william mckinnon cambridge university press, nov 8, 2004 science 719 pages. The magnetosphere is so large that it would look as big as the moon if it were visible in the night sky. Jupiters enormous magnetic field is nearly 20,000 times as powerful as earths.
Jupiter, the planet, satellites and magnetosphere article in geochimica et cosmochimica acta 6916. For historical comparison, gehrels 1976 jupiter has 44 chapters written by 80 authors, often as single authors. In june 2001, with the galileo mission ending and the cassini mission having encountered jupiter on its way to saturn, a conference titled jupiter. Accordingly, as sketched here, jupiters magnetosphere apparently extends beyond the orbit of saturn. This comprehensive volume authoritatively describes our understanding of the complex and fascinating jovian system. Extending up to seven million kilometers in the suns direction and almost to the orbit of saturn in the opposite direction, jupiter s magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in the solar system, and by volume the largest known continuous structure in the. At 6 equatorial radii from the centre, cor respmding roughly to the orbit of the satellite io, the. This magnetic field creates a huge bubble of electrically charged gas called the magnetosphere. Recent observations by the galileo spacecraft and earth. The most massive planet in our solar system, with four large moons and many smaller moons, jupiter forms a kind of miniature solar system.
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